专利摘要:
In a clamping device (1) for clamping a workpiece (10), wherein the clamping device (1) at least one clamping device (4) and at least one with the clamping device (4) cooperating guide means, wherein the clamping device (4) axially along the guide device displaceable is, wherein the clamping device (4) has a radial profiling (6), wherein the guide means of the radial profiling (6) of the clamping device (4) corresponding counter profiling (7), and wherein at an axial displacement of the profiling (6) of Clamping device (4) along the counter-profiling (7) of the guide device, the clamping device (4) is pressed in a substantially radial direction and thereby the workpiece (10) is clamped, resulting in a lower susceptibility to wear and thus longer operating life characterized in that the clamping device (4 ) is formed at least in two parts and for this purpose a clamping element ( 14), which has the profiling (6), and a with the clamping element (14) connected to the lifting element (24) for clamping by an axial relative movement between the profiling (6) of the clamping element (14) and the counter-profiling (7).
公开号:CH705531B1
申请号:CH00153/13
申请日:2011-07-13
公开日:2016-06-30
发明作者:Claude Montandon Jean;Heyn Stefan
申请人:Präzisionsmechanik Heyn Gmbh;Claude Montandon Jean;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

The present invention relates to a clamping device for clamping a workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1.
In the prior art, such clamping devices or clamping tools have long been known. An exemplary application of such fixtures is to hold workpieces during machining. The machining can be a grinding process, for example an external cylindrical grinding. Of course, however, other types of processing, such as e.g. a turning or milling, with or without a finishing such as honing, grinding, lapping and the like. When clamping workpieces, a distinction is generally made between inside spans and outside spans. During internal clamping, the workpiece is held within the same in a recess thereof and the voltage is generated by a radially outward force. When clamping outside the workpiece is held on the outer circumference and the clamping effect is generated by a radially inwardly acting force.
In the known tensioning devices is disadvantageous that the clamping device, which has, for example, a Spreizkronenmitnehmer, a Verschleissteil, which often has to be replaced, in which case the manufacturing process is interrupted. In principle, although a wear of the clamping device can be minimized by suitable choice of material, but this is not easy in the clamping tool according to the prior art. On the one hand, the material must be hard and stable, but due to the expansion stress function, it also has to have a certain elasticity. In this case, the elasticity of the clamping device is required to allow a tightening and automatic release. These material requirements are contradictory, so that in terms of the material of the clamping device in practice always a compromise between wear resistance and elasticity must be found. The clamping device is usually relatively long, because only so the desired elasticity can be achieved with simultaneous material hardness.
The invention is therefore based on the object to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular a clamping device of the type mentioned in such a way that it has a lower susceptibility to wear and thus longer operating life.
This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned by the technical features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.
An advantage of the present invention is that the constructive degrees of freedom are increased by the two-part design of the clamping device. In particular, the part of the clamping device which has the profiling can be made of a suitable wear-resistant material, so that the service life increases and fewer interruptions in the production process are required by replacement operations.
According to the invention, the clamping device is formed at least in two parts and for this purpose has a clamping element which has the profiling, and connected to the clamping element lifting element for clamping by axial relative movement between the profiling of the clamping element and the counter-profiling. The lifting element can be made of a particularly tough material, while the material of the clamping element is selected with regard to a high wear resistance.
According to a preferred embodiment, the lifting element is connected to the clamping element via a pivoting device, preferably a joint. In a structurally preferred embodiment, the joint is a pin bearing. By the pivoting means a lever action between the clamping element and the lifting element is provided, whereby a biasing of the profiling of the clamping element on the counter-profiling in the operational state clamping is possible. The pivoting device supports both the clamping and the relaxation of the workpiece.
When the clamping element is connected to the lifting element via the pivoting device, advantageously, the pivoting device connects the clamping element and the further element substantially axially rigid and allows for a radial pivoting of the clamping element. The pivoting device is as described above preferably a joint, in particular a pivot joint.
Further, it is preferred that the clamping element is further connected to the lifting element via a biasing element, wherein the biasing element biases the clamping element and the lifting element to each other. The biasing element is preferably a spring device, preferably a compression spring, which ensures a stable relative positioning of clamping element and lifting element in particular in asymmetrically arranged connecting element. The spring device also ensures a bias of the profiling on the counter profiling.
Further, it is preferred that the clamping device further comprises a biasing element, which, in particular without axial displacement of the profiling of the clamping device along the counter-profiling of the guide means biases the profiling of the clamping device against the counter-profiling of the guide means. The biasing element therefore ensures an operating state of the clamping device for loading and unloading of a workpiece by providing for a defined abutment of profiling / counter profiling, so that no radial pressure is exerted on a workpiece in the starting position with regard to profiling / counter profiling. Thus, a radial pressure is generated only by the movement of the profiling on the counter profiling. In this case, the biasing element is preferably a pressure ring. The pressure ring is preferably arranged adjacent to the profiling / counter profiling or the end portion of the clamping element, in order to ensure optimum leverage ratios, especially for long, thin parts.
Advantageously, the clamping element and the lifting element are made of different materials. It is preferred that the material of the clamping element has a high wear resistance. As a result, the wear resistance of the clamping device is increased. In contrast to the prior art, no compromise has to be made with regard to the choice of material in the inventive design of the clamping element, since it no longer has to be elastic due to the two-part construction according to the invention.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamping device is designed according to claim 13. In a preferred application, the invention has an expression according to claim 14.
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamping device is designed according to claim 15. In a preferred application, the invention is in the form of the embodiment of claim 16.
Further preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
The invention as well as other features, objects, advantages and possible applications thereof will be explained in more detail below with reference to a description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals designate the same or corresponding elements. In the drawings show:<Tb> FIG. 1 <SEP> is a highly schematic longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention for internal clamping of a workpiece;<Tb> FIG. 2A <SEP> is a schematic longitudinal sectional illustration of an exemplary workpiece for explaining a first method step of its external machining in connection with the clamping device according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 2B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the workpiece of FIG. 1A for explaining a second method step of its external machining in connection with the clamping device according to the invention;<Tb> FIG. 3 is a highly schematic longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention for clamping out a workpiece outside;<Tb> FIG. 4 is a highly schematic longitudinal sectional view of a third embodiment of a tensioning device according to the present invention for internally clamping a workpiece; and<Tb> FIG. FIG. 5 shows a highly schematic longitudinal sectional illustration of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a tensioning device according to the present invention for externally tensioning a workpiece.
Based on the highly schematic representations of Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5 four preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail below. FIGS. 2A and 2B serve to explain an application of a tensioning device according to the present invention.
In Fig. 1, a clamping device and a clamping tool is shown, which is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 1. The workpiece to be clamped by means of the clamping device 1 is designated by the reference numeral 10. An exemplary application of a workpiece 10 to be clamped is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. In Fig. 1, which illustrates the application of the inner clamping closer, therefore, the workpiece 10 has a central axial recess 13 in which the workpiece 10 is held in the clamped state. Within a tool body 2, a recess 3 is provided, in which a clamping device 4 is mounted axially movable. The direction of movement of the clamping device 4 is indicated in Fig. 1 by the double arrow and extends parallel to the central longitudinal or symmetry axis A-A of the clamping device 1 or the workpiece 10. The clamping device 4 is according to the invention formed in two parts and has a clamping element 14 and a lifting element 24 on. The lifting element 24 is preferably driven by a drive device (not shown), which can be, for example, hydraulic or pneumatic. The clamping element 14 and the lifting element 24 are formed substantially as cylindrical sleeves and arranged around a holding part 5, which is preferably designed as a receiving mandrel, the clamping device 1.
The clamping element 14 has a protruding from the tool body 2 section 14a, which widens in its thickness to its side facing away from the tool body 2 end radially inward. On the radially inner side of the clamping device facing away from the end of the portion 14a of the clamping element 14 thus a frusto-conical material recess, which is recognizable in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1 as a slope formed, whereby a profiling 6 is provided. The profiling 6 is applied to a cooperating counter profiling 7 of the holding part 5 of the clamping device 1. The counter profiling 7 is designed as a truncated conical material recess of the portion 14 a corresponding truncated cone whose outer dimensions are slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the profiling 6. The profiling 6 is arranged radially outside of the counter profiling 7 in this embodiment. It should be noted that the profiling 6 or the counter-profiling 7 can generally have very different shapes, which allow a cocking or relaxing; they are therefore not limited to the illustrated and described truncated cone shape. In a (not shown) preferred embodiment of the invention, the shape of the profiling 6 and the counter-profiling 7 corresponds to an application-specific ramp. Due to the application-specific shaping a very special clamping process can be realized. For example, this can be realized in the clamping process first a biasing, then stopping at a fixed stop and finally a Fertigspannen.
For the axial movement of the clamping element 14, the lifting element 24 is provided, which is connected via a pivoting device in the form of a hinge 8 with the clamping element 14. In the exemplary embodiment, the joint 8 is a pin joint. The hinge 8 provides a substantially axially fixed connection of the lifting element 24 with the clamping element 14, but allows a rotation of the clamping element 14 in the radial direction, i. for the clamping process. In order to keep the lifting element 24 and the tensioning element 14 biased toward one another, a biasing element in the form of a spring device 9 is provided between the lifting element 24 and the tensioning element 14. The spring device 9 is provided radially outside of the joint 8. In the present invention, therefore, the clamping element 14 is separate from the lifting or driving element 24 and biased thereto and articulated connected. The spring device 9 ensures a bias of the clamping element 14 and more precisely of its profiling 6 having portion against the counter profiling 7 having portion of the holding part 5 and the Werkzeuggrundkörpers 2. In contrast to the prior art, therefore, the tensioning and relaxation function is not More by the elasticity of the material of the clamping element 14, but by the biasing force of the spring device designed as a compression spring 9. Thus, the disadvantage of the prior art, namely the necessary material selection for the clamping element 14, which impairs the wear resistance of the clamping element 14, overcome. The primary purpose of the compression spring 9, which acts on the clamping element 14 via the joint 8, is to keep the profiling 6 biased against the counter-profiling 7 when the workpiece 10 is not attached, so that the workpiece 10 can simply be plugged or ejected.
The particular advantage of this two-part design of the clamping device 4 is that for the clamping element 14 and the lifting element 24 each optimal materials can be used, which increases the life of the clamping element 14 (or the lifting element 24) against wear extremely , The material of the tension member 14 can be selected with the present invention in view of high wear resistance and no longer has to be elastic. Also, the entire arrangement is more compact, since the overall length of the clamping device 4 can be much shorter.
In Fig. 1, the state of the unstressed workpiece 10 is shown, that is, the workpiece 10 is simply attached to the end portion 14 a of the clamping element 14. For clamping the workpiece 10, the clamping element 14 is now moved into the tool body 2, i. 1 shifted to the left, so that the profiling 6 shifts along the counter-profiling 7 to the left. Due to the prescribed positive system or positive connection of the profiling 6 and the counter profiling 7, the end portion 14a is bent or pressed outwards and thus clamped the workpiece 10 firmly. As shown in the drawing, a sleeve-shaped end portion 14a (in an axisymmetric configuration) is provided. However, it is also possible for a plurality of, in particular crown-like, end sections 14a to be arranged circumferentially around the holding part 5 in order to form a spreader cam follower.
An exemplary application of a clamping device according to the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. An exemplary workpiece in the form of a rotationally symmetrical body 100 is shown schematically in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
The grinding process of the outer contour 101 (cf., FIG. 2B) of the body 100 will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. It is about the finish grinding of the outer contour 101 of the body 100, wherein advantageously two operations or process steps are provided in a single clamping. Here, the grinding task is that the complete outer contour 101 of the body 100 must be ground high-precision, time-saving and efficient. The outer contour 101 has a first short wide portion 101 a at the end of the body 100 facing away from the end 102. Furthermore, the outer contour 101 has a second long narrower section 101b adjoining the section 101a in the direction of the end 102. The two sections 101a and 101b, stepped in their cross-sectional dimensions, are cylindrical sections of the body 100 and extend toward the end 102, i. in the representation of the drawing from left to right. The body 100 has, opposite the end 102, a central longitudinal recess 103 in the form of a blind hole which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body 100.
In order to finish grinding the outer contour 101 of the body 100, the body 100, and more precisely its recess 103, is placed on a centering pin (not shown) and is rotatably mounted there. The body is then driven at the portion 101a of the outer contour 101 by means of an inner ring drive (not shown) on the centering mandrel. The body 100 is pressed by tilting the drive ring to the centering of the inner bore. In this first method step, a centering bevel 104 (see Fig. 1A) is then ground by a grinding wheel (not shown). The centering bevel 104 is a high-precision ground edge at the end 102 of the second portion 101b which points towards the end 102. For clarification, it should be noted that, of course, there is still no centering bevel on the body of the body 100. The centering bevel 104 serves to prepare the subsequent processing of the entire outer contour 101 in order to make them as exact as possible.
After this first method step, in which the centering bevel 104 is ground (compare Fig. 2A), now the complete outer cylindrical grinding of the body 100 takes place (see Fig. 2B). For this purpose, the inner ring drive unit is moved back to the rest position, and the body 100 is positioned on the grinding wheel with high precision on the previously ground centering bevel 104. The body 100 is clamped inside by a Spreizkronenmitnehmer formed on the centering pin at the inner diameter. The complete outer contour 101 is then ground in a measurement-controlled manner, wherein the body 100 is held at its end 102 in a tailstock (not shown), so that the grinding is no longer carried out in a flying manner as in the first method step, but the body 100 is firmly clamped is.
In the abovementioned grinding process, therefore, the body 100 is rotatably mounted on the centering mandrel in a first method step (for grinding the centering bevel) and clamped in a rotationally fixed manner to the second method step for finish grinding of the entire outer contour 101 on the centering mandrel by means of a spreader crown voltage. The total processing time of both operations or process steps is between 15 and 25 seconds.
The first embodiment of the present invention described herein in connection with Figure 1 is suitable for use in machining the outer contour of the body 100 (see Figures 2A and 2B). The first operation for producing the centering bevel 104 is performed with the tensioning element 14 relaxed, and the second operation is performed with the tensioning element 14 tensioned, that is, the portion 14a of the tensioning element 14 is retracted into the tool edge body 2 to move the workpiece 10, i. the body 100, to harness inside.
In principle, it should be noted that the clamping of the workpiece 10 by a relative movement of the profiling 6 on the counter-profiling 7 comes about. It can therefore be a clamping of the workpiece 10 by a movement of the lifting element 24 in the tool base body 2 into (ie to the illustration of FIG. 2 to the left), but also can be a clamping of the workpiece 10 by a movement of the counter-profiling 7 from the Tool body 2 out (ie, in the illustration of FIG. 2 to the right) out. In the latter case, the lifting element 24 and the clamping element 14 are static.
In Fig. 3, a second embodiment of the present invention is shown which is used for spans and can be used for example as a collet or as a jaw as a chuck. The second embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 3 is generally similar to the first embodiment already described above in connection with Fig. 1, so that in order to avoid repetition, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described in more detail below. The clamping element 14, which forms the clamping device 4 together with the lifting element 24, has in the direction away from the main tool body 2 a radially outwardly increasing broadening in order to form a truncated cone-shaped profiling 6. The profiling 6 is applied to a corresponding counter profiling 7. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, in the present case the profiling 6 is a truncated cone and the counter profiling 7 is a frustoconical recess. The counter profiling 7 is arranged radially outside the profiling 6. The inner diameter of the counter-profiling 7 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the profiling 6. As already described, movement of the lifting element 24 into the tool body 2, i. 3, to the left, for a movement of the clamping element 14 into the tool 1, whereby the profiling 6 slides along the counter profiling 7, and the outer end portion 14a of the clamping element 14 clamps the workpiece 10 in the manner of a clamping jaw. A movement of the lifting element 24 out of the tool body, i. According to the illustration of FIG. 3 to the right, then ensures a relaxation of the portion 14a, by the spring action of the spring element 9, and the workpiece 10 is released.
In Figs. 4 and 5, a third and fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically. The third exemplary embodiment (FIG. 4) generally corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment already described above in conjunction with FIG. 1 and is provided for internal clamping. The fourth exemplary embodiment (FIG. 5) generally corresponds to the second exemplary embodiment already described above in connection with FIG. 3 and is provided for external clamping. Therefore, only the differences from the exemplary embodiments already described are explained below in order to avoid repetitions. The difference between the third and fourth embodiments of the first and second embodiments is in the formation of the biasing member. 9 In the first two embodiments, the biasing member 9 is a compression spring, which provides for a system or bias of profiling 6 and counter-profiling 7 even when not present workpiece 10. Although the biasing member 9 has the same function as the biasing member 9, but according to the third and fourth embodiments as a pressure ring, in particular as an O-ring formed. The biasing element 9 is not disposed between the lifting element 24 and the clamping element 14 and does not connect these two parts. Instead, in the third embodiment (FIG. 4), the biasing element 9 is disposed directly outwardly of the tension member 14 axially inwardly (toward the tool body) toward the outer end portion 14a. The pressure ring 9 is inserted in an annular groove and presses by its bias inward profiling 6 on the counter-profiling 7. Accordingly, in the fourth embodiment (Fig. 5) of the pressure ring inside the clamping element 14 around axially inwardly (to the Tool base body into) offset to the outer end portion 14a and pushes by its bias to the outside (opposite to the third embodiment), so that again the profiling is pressed or biased to the counter-profiling 7. The third and fourth embodiments are particularly advantageous for workpieces 10, which are long, thin parts, since the pressure rings act purely radially and the lever ratios are better than in the structural design by means of a compression spring (see FIGS. 1 and 3).
The invention has been explained in more detail above with reference to preferred embodiments thereof. However, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made within the scope of the independent patent claim without departing from the invention.
[0033] List of Reference Numerals:<tb> 1 <SEP> Clamping device or clamping tool<Tb> 2 <September> tool body<Tb> 3 <September> recess<Tb> 4 <September> jig<Tb> 5 <September> holding part<Tb> 6 <September> profiling<Tb> 7 <September> counter-profile<tb> 8 <SEP> Connecting device or joint<tb> 9, 9 <SEP> Biasing element or spring device<Tb> 10 <September> workpiece<Tb> 13 <September> recess<Tb> 14 <September> clamping element<Tb> 14 <September> end<Tb> 24 <September> lifting<Tb> 100 <September> Body<Tb> 101 <September> outer contour<tb> 101a <SEP> first section<tb> 101b <SEP> second section<tb> 102 <SEP> End of the body<Tb> 103 <September> longitudinal recess<Tb> 104 <September> centering chamfer
权利要求:
Claims (16)
[1]
1. clamping device (1) for clamping a workpiece (10), wherein the clamping device (1) at least one clamping device (4) and at least one cooperating with the clamping device guide means, wherein the clamping device (4) axially along the guide device is displaceable, wherein the tensioning device (4) has a profiling (6), wherein the guide device has a profiling (7) corresponding to the profiling of the tensioning device, and wherein with an axial relative displacement of the profiling (6) of the tensioning device (4) along the counter profiling (7) of FIG Guide device, the clamping device (4) is pressed in a substantially radial direction and thereby the workpiece (10) is clamped, characterized in that the clamping device (4) is formed at least in two parts, and for this purpose a clamping element (14) which the profiling (6 ), and a with the clamping element (14) connected to the lifting element (24 ) for clamping the workpiece by an axial relative movement between the profiling (6) of the clamping element and the counter profiling.
[2]
2. Clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting element (24) is connected to the clamping element (14) via a pivoting device.
[3]
3. Clamping device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the pivoting means is a hinge (8) and preferably a pin bearing.
[4]
4. Clamping device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the pivoting device connects the clamping element (14) and the lifting element (24) substantially axially rigid and allows a radial pivoting of the clamping element (14).
[5]
5. Clamping device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the clamping element (14) with the lifting element (24) is further connected via a biasing element, wherein the biasing element biases the clamping element and the lifting element (24) to each other.
[6]
6. Clamping device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the biasing element is a spring device (9).
[7]
7. Clamping device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the clamping device (1) further comprises a biasing element, which biases the profiling (6) of the clamping device (4) against the counter profiling (7) of the guide means.
[8]
8. Clamping device (1) according to claim 4 and one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the pivoting device and the biasing element are arranged radially and / or axially offset from each other.
[9]
9. clamping device (1) according to spoke 7 or 8, characterized in that the biasing element is designed as a pressure ring.
[10]
10. Clamping device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the clamping element (14) and the lifting element (24) are made of different materials.
[11]
11. Clamping device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the material of the clamping element (14) is hardened tool steel, hardened powder steel or hard metal.
[12]
12. Clamping device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the clamping device (4) of the clamping device (1) is formed to press radially inward displacement for internal clamping of the workpiece to the outside.
[13]
13. Clamping device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the at least one clamping element (14) is designed as a mandrel, in particular as a lamellar clamping mandrel, or as Spreizkronenmitnehmer.
[14]
14. Clamping device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the clamping device (4) of the clamping device (1) is formed, is to press radially inwardly for external displacement of the workpiece clamping.
[15]
15. Clamping device (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one clamping element (14) is designed as a collet or as jaws.
[16]
16. Clamping device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the shaping of the profiling (6) and the counter profiling (7) is such that at an axial displacement in addition to a non-tensioned state at least one clamping state in the form of a lighter Spannens and a clamping state in the form of a tighter clamping are defined.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
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DE102010027152A1|2012-01-19|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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BE531504A|1984-08-30|1954-09-15|Arcos Soudure Elect Autogene|DEVICE FOR ALIGNING PIPES TO WELD BUTT TO BUTT|
DE19508175A1|1995-03-09|1996-09-12|Montan Hydraulik Gmbh & Co Kg|Clamping device for cylindrical, axially displaceable or rotating parts|
GB2307939B|1995-12-09|2000-06-14|Weatherford Oil Tool|Apparatus for gripping a pipe|
DE10118664B4|2001-04-14|2009-11-05|C. Stiefelmayer Gmbh & Co. Kg|Clamping device for workpieces to be machined with imbalance compensation|CN104669240A|2013-11-30|2015-06-03|深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司|Clamping mechanism|
法律状态:
2013-05-31| PCOW| Change of address of patent owner(s)|
2014-02-14| PCAR| Change of the address of the representative|Free format text: NEW ADDRESS: RATHAUSGASSE 1, 9320 ARBON (CH) |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
DE102010027152.7A|DE102010027152B4|2010-07-14|2010-07-14|Clamping device for clamping a workpiece|
PCT/EP2011/003500|WO2012007161A1|2010-07-14|2011-07-13|Clamping fixture for clamping a workpiece|
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